Postby gslender » Thu Jul 24, 2014 8:30 am
Air, fuel, spark effect everything, including startup.
Fuel is regulated by injectors and they would be consistent in their operation, whether starting, cold or running warm/hot. Unlikely to be injectors. Spark is the same as they are unlikely to have cold-start issues but operate fine when warm.
Air is the only element that is irregularly controlled and has many contributors to its volume. When starting, the air flow requirements are very different to idle and different again when going from cold-start to warm-run. We start the engine by turning the key, so the computer needs to balance and control the air needs some how by itself.
Considering the air flow must be controlled and balanced during this initial starting process, the only things controlling this are the two idle air valves. If they are not operating correct (not opening enough or too much) then the computer may not be able to compensate fuel or spark to keep the engine running smoothly, or fast enough.
Go back 15 years before the 90s we had a manual choke that did the same thing... and all it controlled was the way air was fed into the engine to assist with cold-start and cold-fast-idle.
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